Weed management practices on crop productivity and economics in dry-direct seeded rice under hill and plateau region of eastern India
Weed management practices on productivity of direct seeded rice
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v9i01.9886Keywords:
Direct seeded rice, Economics, grain yield, Weed control efficiency, Weed density, SesbaniaAbstract
In direct seeded rice, weeds are the major problems limiting the crop productivity. Sesbania with direct seeded rice (DSR) as well as seeding rates of rice affects the weed density by smothering effect and therefore, it can be a better weed management practice. Two year on farm trials were conducted at the Kusma, Boarijore Block and Bhaluka, Sundarpahadi block of Godda from 2020 and 2021 to assess the effect of weed management on yields and economics in DSR. The results revealed that significantly the lowest density of grasses, broad leaved weeds (BLWs), sedges, total weed density, total weed dry weight and the highest weed control efficiency were recorded with the treatment of DSR + Sesbania over DSR (pre-sowing irrigation followed by tillage and rice seeding) followed by first post-sowing irrigation at 15 DAS and the farmer’s practice. Weed management practice, DSR + Sesbania was found significantly higher grain yield, gross returns, net returns, B: C ratio, production efficiency and economic efficiency over to followed by first post sowing irrigation at 15 DAS and farmer’s practice. While the farmer’s practice was recorded higher weed index and lowest weed control efficiency. Thus, on the basis present study it is concluded that weed management practice i.e. DSR + Sesbania could be a better option to reduced the weed infestation as well as improves the productivity of DSR in rainfed agro-ecosystem of Jharkhand.
References
Ahmed S, Salim M and Chauhan BS. 2014. Effect of weed management and seed rate on crop growth under direct seeded rice systems in Bangladesh. PLoS ONE 9(7): e101919. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0101919
Bhagat SK, Tigga B, Lakra A, Dewangan PK, Singh DP, Sahu YK and Kumawat N. 2018. Study of different nitrogen levels and nitrogen scheduling on production and profitability of aerobic rice. Environment & Ecology 36(1): 96-99.
Chaudhary SK, Marahatta, Chaudhary S and Manisha. 2018. Performance of dry direct seeded rice and weeds on Sesbania brown manuring as compared to farmers’ practice and chemical control method. International Journal of Applied Science Biotechnology 6(3): 265-269.
Chauhan BS and Johnson DE. 2010. The role of seed ecology in improving weed management strategies in the tropics. Advances in Agronomy 105: 221-262.
Chauhan BS, Mahajan G, Sardana V, Timsina J and Jat ML. 2012. Productivity and sustainability of the rice-wheat cropping system in the Indo-Gangetic plains of the Indian subcontinent: Problems, opportunities and strategies. Advances in Agronomy 117: 315-369.
Gill JS and Walia SS. 2014. Influence of FYM, brown manuring and nitrogen levels on direct seeded and transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.): a review. Research Journal of Agriculture and Environment Management, 3(9): 417-426.
Kaur J and Singh A. 2017. Direct seeded rice: prospects, problems/constraints and researchable issues in India. Current Agricultural Research Journal 5(1): 13-32.
Kumar P, Singh Y and Kumar R. 2016a. Productivity, profitability nutrient uptake and soil health of boro rice as influenced by cultivars and herbicides. International Journal of Agricultural and Statistical Sciences 12(S1):177-183.
Kumar R, Kumawat N, Kumar S, Kumar R, Kumar M, Sah RP, Kumar U and Kumar A. 2016b. Direct seeded rice: research strategies and opportunities for water and weed management. Oryza 53(04):354-365.
Kumar R, Mishra JS, Kumar S, Rao KK, Hans H, Bhatt BP, Srivastava AK and Singh S. 2020. Evaluation of weed competitiveness of direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa) genotypes under different weed management practices. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90(5):914-918.
Kumar S, Devi EL, Sharma SK, Ansari MA, Phurailatpam S, Singh TS, Prakash N, Kumar Rakesh, Kumawat N, Mandal D and Kumar A. 2017. Rice breeding strategies of North Eastern India for resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses: A Review. Oryza 54(1):1-12.
Kumawat N, Kumar Rakesh, Singh M, Tomar IS, Mourya J, Yadav RK, Sahu YK and Singh AK. 2018. A study on chemical weed management in boro rice: A Review. Agricultural Reviews 39(1):69-75.
Mahajan G and Chauhan BS. 2013. Herbicide options for weed control in dry-seeded aromatic rice in India. Weed Technology 27: 682-689.
Mandal D, Kumar R, Singh D and Kumar P. 2011a. Growth and yield of direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa) as influenced by sowing dates and weed management methods. International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 2(3):273-276.
Mandal D, Singh D, Kumar R, Kumari A and Kumar V. 2011b. Effects on production potential and economics of direct seeded rice sowing dates and weed management techniques. Indian Journal of Weed Science 43(3&4):139-144.
Mishra JS and Kumar R. 2017. Conservation tillage and weed management in smallholder agriculture: issues and opportunities. Current Advances in Agricultural Sciences 9(2):186-189.
Ravisankar N, Chandrasekaran B, Raja R, Din M and Chaudhuri SG. 2008. Influence of integrated weed management practices on productivity and profitability of wet seeded rice (Oryza sativa). Indian Journal of Agronomy 53: 57-61.
Sen S, Kaur R and Das TK. 2020. Weed management in dry direct-seeded rice: Assessing the impacts on weeds and crop. Indian Journal of Weed Science 52(2): 169-174.
Singh A, Singh Y, Singh R, Upadhyay PK, Kumar R and Singh RK. 2019. Effect of cultivars and weed management practices on weeds, productivity and profitability in zero-till direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 89(2):353-359.
Singh S, Ladha JK, Gupta RK, Bhusan L and Rao AN. 2008. Weed management in aerobic rice systems under varying establishment methods. Crop Protection 27: 660-669.
Singh VP, Singh SP, Dhyani VC, Banga A, Kumar A, Satyawali K and Bisht N. 2016. Weed management in direct-seeded rice. Indian Journal of Weed Science 48(3): 233-246.
